1、 Dry tunnel
Drying wood and brick and tile blanks requires a slower drying speed, and tunnel drying is used. Hot air circulates in a closed loop within the tunnel. The material truck can travel on the light rail. Open the closed doors on both sides, and a truck of dry material will be discharged to remove some moisture. A truck of wet material will be introduced to supplement some air. The length of the tunnel can reach 30-40 meters.
Characteristics of tunnel drying performance: Advantages of tunnel drying:
① It has very flexible control conditions that can keep food under almost the required temperature humidity velocity airflow conditions, making it particularly suitable for experimental work;
② As the material cart moves forward, the direction of the airflow changes once, resulting in a more uniform moisture content in the product.
Disadvantages of tunnel dryness:
① Complex structure, high sealing requirements, requiring special devices;
② High pressure loss and energy consumption.
2、 Single drum dryer
The steel hollow drum rotates slowly at a speed of 4-10 revolutions per minute. Heating steam is heated and condensed inside the cylinder, and the condensed liquid is sucked out through a siphon tube. During the rotation of the drum above the slurry, the slurry with a thickness of about 0.3-5mm is distributed on the drum for vaporization and drying. After one rotation, the dry material is scraped off.
Performance characteristics of a single drum dryer: The thermal energy supply of a conductive dryer mainly relies on heat conduction, requiring the dried material to have as close contact as possible with the heating surface. Therefore, the conduction dryer is more suitable for drying solutions, suspensions, and paste like solid-liquid mixtures.
The main advantages of a single drum dryer are: firstly, the economy of heat energy utilization, as this dryer does not require heating a large amount of air and consumes much less heat energy per unit compared to a hot air dryer; Secondly, conductive drying can be carried out under vacuum, especially suitable for drying easily oxidizable foods.
3、 Infrared drying
Wet materials are fed into the conveyor belt and heated and dried during the conveying process. Using a radiant heat source. Adjust the air inlet and outlet flow rate with a controllable valve.
Infrared drying performance characteristics: The infrared dryer uses electrical energy to generate infrared radiation, which causes the dried object to absorb and penetrate from the surface to the interior. The drying rate is high, the thermal efficiency is also high, and there is no shadow left when irradiated.
4、 Intermittent tunnel drying
Multiple cars are simultaneously pushing into the tunnel and closing the closed door. Hot air circulates inside the tunnel, with controllable gates controlling the air inlet and outlet to remove water vapor. Once dried, push out the tunnel and complete an intermittent operation.
Intermittent tunnel drying performance characteristics: Intermittent tunnel drying advantages:
Adapt to the production of multiple varieties and small batches, especially for seasonal food production;
Single machine operation, if one device fails, it will not affect the normal operation of other devices;
Facilitating the processing, manufacturing, and maintenance of equipment;
It is convenient to control the heating temperature and vacuum degree according to the requirements of freeze-drying process at different stages.
Disadvantages of intermittent tunnel drying:
Due to the long time required for preparatory operations such as loading, unloading, and starting, the equipment utilization rate is low;
To meet certain production requirements, multiple individual machines are often required and corresponding auxiliary systems need to be equipped, resulting in an increase in equipment investment costs.
5、 Fluidized bed dryer
The preheated hot air is fed into the cyclone separator from the bottom and discharged from the top. The solid particles in the fluidized bed are violently flushed, churned, and enhanced in heat and mass transfer by the hot air flow.
Performance characteristics of fluidized bed dryer: Advantages of fluidized bed dryer:
Small equipment, high production capacity, adjustable material retention time, simple device structure, small footprint, low equipment cost, and easy material flow.
The mechanical part of the equipment is simple, with no other moving parts except for some auxiliary components such as fans and feeders, resulting in low maintenance costs.
Compared with air flow drying, boiling drying has a lower air flow velocity, so the crushing of material particles and equipment wear are relatively small.
Disadvantages of fluidized bed dryer: The operation and control are relatively complex.

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